Which brain structure is primarily involved in regulating memory?

The hippocampus is the brain structure primarily involved in regulating memory. It plays a crucial role in the formation of new memories and is essential for learning. The hippocampus helps in converting short-term memories into long-term ones, as well as in spatial navigation and contextual memory.

Research has shown that damage to the hippocampus can result in difficulties in forming new memories, illustrating its pivotal function in the memory processing system. Unlike the other structures mentioned, which have specific roles such as regulating autonomic functions or coordinating motor activity, the hippocampus is distinctly linked to cognitive functions related to memory.