Which organelles are responsible for making vesicles that transport products outside the cell?

The Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are crucial for the process of synthesizing and packaging products for transport outside the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids. These newly made molecules are then transferred to the Golgi apparatus, which serves as a processing and packaging center.

Once the proteins and lipids arrive at the Golgi apparatus, they undergo further modifications, such as glycosylation, before being packaged into vesicles. These vesicles then bud off from the Golgi apparatus and transport their contents to the plasma membrane, where the materials can be secreted outside the cell or delivered to other organelles.

Understanding the roles of the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum illustrates how cells communicate and interact with their environment, as well as how they perform essential functions like secretion and membrane formation.