What is the primary function of the intercostal muscles?

The primary function of the intercostal muscles is to assist in breathing. These muscles are located between the ribs and play a crucial role in the respiratory mechanics of the body. During inhalation, the external intercostal muscles contract, elevating the rib cage and expanding the thoracic cavity, which decreases the pressure inside the chest and allows air to flow into the lungs. Conversely, during exhalation, the internal intercostal muscles help pull the rib cage down, reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity and facilitating the expulsion of air from the lungs. This coordinated action is essential for effective respiration, making the intercostal muscles vital to our ability to breathe comfortably and efficiently.