Which part of the neuron receives signals from other cells?

Dendrites are specialized structures of a neuron that play a crucial role in receiving signals from other cells. They are branch-like projections that extend from the soma (cell body) and increase the neuron's surface area, allowing it to form connections and gather incoming signals from neighboring neurons. The signals that dendrites receive can be in the form of neurotransmitters released at synapses, which bind to receptors on the dendritic membrane. This process initiates electrical changes in the neuron that may lead to the generation of an action potential if the signal is strong enough.

In contrast, the soma contains the nucleus and organelles and is responsible for maintaining the cell's overall functions, but it primarily processes information rather than collecting it. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body to transmit signals to other neurons or muscle cells, while the terminal buttons release neurotransmitters to send signals to the next cell in communication. Understanding these functions helps clarify the specific role of dendrites in neural communication and their importance in processing information within the nervous system.